Video: Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm clonal nthuav dav thiab xaiv clonal?
2024 Tus sau: Michael Samuels | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 01:44
Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, nws qhov epitopes thaum kawg yuav ua haujlwm nrog B-lymphocytes nrog B-cell receptors ntawm lawv qhov chaw uas ntau dua lossis tsawg dua haum thiab qhov no ua rau cov B-lymphocytes. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua clonal xaiv . Qhov no yog hu ua clonal nthuav dav.
Tom qab ntawd, dab tsi yog txhais los ntawm kev xaiv clonal?
Kev xaiv tus kheej yog txheej txheem thov piav qhia yuav ua li cas ib leeg B lossis T cell uas lees paub tias muaj antigen uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev xaiv los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes uas twb muaj lawm ntawm qhov sib txawv antigen tshwj xeeb thiab tom qab ntawd rov tsim dua los tsim a txiv neej cell pejxeem uas tshem tawm cov antigen.
Tsis tas li, puas xaiv neeg tshwm sim hauv T cells? Hauv clonal xaiv ib, antigen yog nthuav tawm rau ntau qhov kev paub tsis meej B thiab (ntawm MHC) T hlwb , thiab cov lymphocytes uas phim cov antigen xaiv los tsim ob lub cim xeeb thiab ua haujlwm clones ntawm lawv tus kheej. Kev xaiv tus kheej kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv thaum lub sijhawm tsis zoo xaiv lub sijhawm T tes kev loj hlob
Yooj yim li ntawd, kev nthuav dav clonal yog dab tsi?
Clonal nthuav dav yog txheej txheem uas cov ntxhais ntxhais tshwm sim los ntawm niam txiv cell. Thaum lub sij hawm B cell clonal nthuav dav , ntau daim ntawv theej ntawm B cell tau tsim tawm uas sib koom nrog thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm tib lub antigen.
Vim li cas kev xaiv neeg thiab nthuav tawm tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob?
Mechanisms ntawm T Cell-kho kom haum xeeb Kev tiv thaiv kab mob Qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm T cells hu ua clonal nthuav dav yog yog tsim nyog ua lub kev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog txaus kom tswj tau tus kab mob zoo. Kev xaiv tus kheej yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaiv antigen nkaus xwb rau cov T cells tias muaj receptors tshwj xeeb rau tias antigen.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv thiab qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo thiab qhov kov zoo?
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv thiab qhov zoo sib xws ntawm 'crude' kov thiab 'nplua' kov qhov hnov? Nyuaj kov yog hais txog kev nkag siab los ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg txais khoom ntawm qhov tsis nkag siab nrog cov teb loj. Hauv kev sib piv, kev kov zoo yog hais txog cov neeg txais khoom ntawm kev nkag siab siab nrog cov chaw txais me me
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis tu ncua thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis sib xws?
Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis sib thooj muaj cov fibers uas tsis tau sib dhos ua ke zoo ib yam li cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas ib ntus. Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis sib thooj muaj feem ntau ntawm cov fibers collagen. Nws muaj cov khoom hauv av tsawg dua li cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ER ntxhib thiab du ER Dab tsi yog ER ua qhov sib txawv hauv txhua kis?
Ob qho tib si du thiab ntxhib endoplasmic reticulum pab hauv kev tsim thiab khaws cov proteins Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias ib qho muaj ribosomes rau nws thiab lwm yam tsis. Rough ER zoo li cov nplooj ntawv. RER sib sau ua (ua) thiab ntim cov protein. RER tau txuas nrog lub nuclear membrane
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov dav dav bronchiole thiab bronchiole ua pa?
Terminal bronchioles cim qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm huab cua nyob rau hauv lub pa system thaum ua pa bronchioles yog qhov pib ntawm kev ua pa division qhov twg gas exchanges. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm bronchioles ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv huab cua ntws
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb qhov pib thiab qhov sib txawv qhov pib?
Qhov pib tsis txaus yog qhov tsawg kawg ntawm kev txhawb siab xav tau rau ib tus neeg kom pom qhov kev txhawb siab 50 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yog qhov sib txawv me tshaj hauv kev txhawb nqa uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom 50 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm