Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Hom tshuaj twg ua haujlwm ua tus xa xov paj hlwb?
2024 Tus sau: Michael Samuels | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 01:44
Hom neurotransmitters
Raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv molecular, cov chav kawm loj ntawm cov neurotransmitters suav nrog cov amino acids, xws li glutamate thiab glycine; monoamines , zoo li dopamine thiab norepinephrine ; peptides, xws li somatostatin thiab opioids; thiab purines, xws li adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Ib yam li ib tug yuav nug, dab tsi yog cov chav kawm tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm neurotransmitters?
Plaub chav kawm tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm neurotransmitters yog (1) acetylcholine, uas muaj ob lub molecules-acetate thiab choline-uas tau koom ua ke; (2) amines, uas tau muab coj los ua ke cov amino acids xws li tyrosine, tryptophan, lossis histidine (piv txwv li, dopamine, epinephrine, thiab norepinephrine); (3) cov amino acids , uas
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov haujlwm ntawm neurotransmitters yog dab tsi? Neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob secreted nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm axons ntawm paj hlwb uas diffuse nyob rau hauv lub synaptic gap thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau adjoining hlwb xws li neurons, nqaij hlwb, thiab qog, los ntawm kev hloov lawv cov hluav taws xob lub xeev los yog kev ua si.
Ib yam li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nug, 4 hom neurotransmitters yog dab tsi?
Cov chav kawm ntawm Neurotransmitter
- Monoamines - xws li dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, histamine, serotonin.
- Amino acids-xws li glutamate, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), glycine, aspartate, D-serine.
- Peptides - xws li opioids, endorphins, somatostatin, oxytocin, vasopressin.
Dab tsi yog neurotransmitter thiab nws hom?
Neurotransmitters yog synthetized nyob rau hauv thiab tso tawm los ntawm paj hlwb xaus rau hauv lub synaptic cleft. Muaj ntau tshaj 40 cov neurotransmitters nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub paj hlwb; Qee qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, serotonin, thiab histamine.
Pom zoo:
Lub paj hlwb twg yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov qauv kev xa xov paj uas cuam tshuam rau hauv kev pw tsaug zog thiab kev xav?
Neurotransmitters pw tsaug zog. Siegel JM (1). Ib feem ntawm lub hlwb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tswj lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog yog hypothalamus. Qee pawg ntawm hypothalamic neurons thiab ib pab pawg nyob ib sab ntawm lub hauv paus forebrain neurons tsim cov neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Kev sib txheeb ntawm tus neeg txais thiab tus xa xov paj hlwb yog dab tsi?
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg txais thiab tus xa xov neurotransmitter yog tias cov neurotransmitter khi, lossis txuas mus rau tus txais
Cov paj hlwb twg yog tshuaj loog thaum ua haujlwm kho hniav?
Cov paj hlwb lingual tseem tau ua kom loog los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm tus neeg sawv cev los tsim tus nplaig loog ntxiv rau kev ua kom loog hauv pem teb ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov ncauj, suav nrog ib puag ncig ntawm tus nplaig sab lossis lingual ntawm cov hniav. Ob peb lub paj hlwb tsis zoo feem ntau yog tshuaj loog thaum muaj qhov tsis zoo alveolar block
Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb ib leeg?
Lub paj hlwb sab hauv suav nrog txhua lub paj hlwb hauv lub cev uas nyob sab nraud ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab lub hlwb. Cov hlab ntsha no nqa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau thiab los ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb kom muab txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Sensory hlwb koom nrog hauv kev noj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub periphery mus rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb
Dab tsi yog 6 kauj ruam hauv kev tso tawm cov tshuaj xa xov paj hlwb thiab txhua kauj ruam ua dab tsi?
Neurotransmitter tso tawm los ntawm presynaptic davhlau ya nyob twg muaj ib tug series ntawm intricate cov kauj ruam: 1) depolarization ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg daim nyias nyias, 2) ua kom muaj voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, 3) Ca2 + nkag, 4) ib tug hloov nyob rau hauv lub conformation ntawm docking proteins, 5) fusion ntawm vesicle mus rau plasma membrane, nrog rau tom qab