Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Michael Samuels | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 01:44
Cov cellular kev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj peb theem : kev txawj ntse, ua kom muaj zog, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Hauv theem kev paub, macrophages tso tawm antigens txawv teb chaws ntawm lawv qhov chaw hauv daim ntawv uas tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm antigen-specific T H 1 (T helper 1) lymphocytes.
Dhau li, dab tsi yog cov kauj ruam ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes kho kom haum xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob?
Cov lus teb ua raws cov saw ntawm cov xwm txheej:
- Antigens khi rau B cells.
- Interleukins lossis tus pabcuam T cells raug nqi B cell. Feem ntau, ob qho tib si antigen thiab tus nqi yuav tsum tau qhib B cell thiab pib B cell loj hlob.
- B cells nthuav dav thiab tsim cov ntshav ntshav.
- B cells tsim cov cim xeeb.
Ib qho ntxiv, 5 feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi? Lub ntsiab ib feem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog: cov qe ntshav dawb, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, ua kom tiav lawv , cov lymphatic lawv , hnoos qeev, thymus, thiab pob txha pob txha.
Hauv qhov no, 3 theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Cov peb theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub npe yog: kev lees paub, kev tawm tsam, thiab kev nco. Ib qho txiaj ntsig mnemonic, rau qhov no yuav yog RAM, kab mob tawm ntawm lub cev. Thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev lees paub lub cim rau lub cev yog kab mob txawv teb chaws, txhawb nqa ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Lub xov tooj ntawm tes nruab nrab nruab nrab cov lus teb tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Xovtooj - kev kho kom haum xeeb yog ib kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Zoo, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm tes yog kev ua kom phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, thiab tso tawm ntau yam cytokines hauv lus teb rau antigen.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog txhais los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob?
Kev tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tau siv los txiav txim siab tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb cov kab mob tshwj xeeb lossis kab mob hu ua fungus. Feem ntau, qhov kev sim no ua tiav Gram Stain thiab kab lis kev cai, cov txiaj ntsig uas tau txais sai dua
Dab tsi yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob hauv microbiology?
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog ob txoj hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim los ntawm B cells) thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tes (T cells qhia tawm tsam cov kab mob hauv hlwb). Antigens, tseem hu ua immunogens, yog cov lwg me me uas qhib kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub network nyuaj ntawm cov cell thiab cov protein uas tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua tus kab mob (microbe) nws tau swb lawm yog li nws tuaj yeem lees paub thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob sai sai yog tias nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cev dua
Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb, kev noj qab haus huv thoob plaws lub neej - xws li noj lub plawv noj qab haus huv, txav ntau dua, tswj lub cev hnyav thiab tsis haus luam yeeb lossis txiav luam yeeb - yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv kab mob plawv. Cov cwj pwm noj qab haus huv no pab tswj koj cov ntshav siab, cov roj cholesterol thiab cov ntshav qab zib
Dab tsi yog 6 kauj ruam hauv kev tso tawm cov tshuaj xa xov paj hlwb thiab txhua kauj ruam ua dab tsi?
Neurotransmitter tso tawm los ntawm presynaptic davhlau ya nyob twg muaj ib tug series ntawm intricate cov kauj ruam: 1) depolarization ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg daim nyias nyias, 2) ua kom muaj voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, 3) Ca2 + nkag, 4) ib tug hloov nyob rau hauv lub conformation ntawm docking proteins, 5) fusion ntawm vesicle mus rau plasma membrane, nrog rau tom qab